Internal combustion motor



June 2%, 193. E, E. HAMMERS 2,121,66O

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed March 20, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 E. E. HAMMERS INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR June 21, 1938,

Filed March 20. 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 21, 1938. E. E. HAMMERS INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON MOTOR Filed March 20, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 gwuaywbot Ear! Hammers Jame 21, 1938.. E, E HAMMERS 2,121,6

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed March 20, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 .30 Figure 6 is a vertical sectional Patented June 21, 1938 UNITED STATES m'rsnmr. COMBUSTION Moron 7 Earl E. Hammers, St. Joseph, Ma. assignor of one-half to City, M0,.

Christian M. Jespersen,

Kansa Application March 20, 1 935, Serial mam 1Clai1n. (01,..123-17) This invention relates to an improved internal combustion motor and it aims generally to provide asimplified construction having a minimum of working parts; a construction wherein greater 5 fuel efliciency is attained by directing the explosive force in the direction of the rotation of the drive shaft, a construction 'wherein gr'eater oil economy is effected due to less strenuous usage and the employment of a single moving 10 part in the oil chamber, namely the oil pump,

- and a motor which may be manufactured less expensively and which'will produce more power per pound of weight of the motor.

The more specific objects and advantages will 15 in part bepointed out hereinafter and otherwise .become apparent froma consideration of the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawings.

In said drawings: 20 Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved motor; V

Figure 2- is a rear elevation thereof; Figure 3 isa vertical sectional view through the motor taken transversely of,the axis of ,ro-

25 tation; 1

Figure 4 is an elevationof the rotor, having the side disks thereof removed;

Figure 5 is a detail section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 1;

on the line 65 of Figure 2; v

Figure '7 .is a-' detail sectional view illustrating the mounting of the pistons; Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the'line 35 8-8 of Figure 6;

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on he line 99 of Figure 2;

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on the line llli of Figure 6;

40 Figure 11 is a side elevation of theihner surface of one of the stator side plates; Figure 12 is an end elevationof one of the rotor disks;

Figure 13 .is a side elevation of one of the 45 rotor disks; r

Figure 14- is an enlarged detail section taken on the line i4-l4 ofFigureB; and

Figure 15 is an enlarged detail section taken' across the rotor.

50 Referring specifically to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate like or similar parts and oneembodiment of the invention isshown by way of example, ill generally desig'nates a stator comprising a cylinder '55 II and an oil reservoir or case l2 having an view taken extension l3 extendingbeyond one side of the n ine.

Bolted or otherwise fas ned against opposite sides of the cylinder ii are side plates i4, similar in construction, gaskets l preferably being 5 interposed between them. The securing bolts for said plate and cylinder are shown at l3. Said cylinder is enlarged or offset as at H, which accommodates a spark plug l8 having its electrodes arranged to fire within a firing chamber Is formed in said enlargement n; in combination with a rotor disposed within the cylinder H and generally designated 20.-

Said rotor comprises a core 2i suitably keyed as at 22 .to a drive shaft 23; suitably journaled, preferably in ball bearing devices 24 housed in the stator end. walls M. The rotor also has side disks 25 through which the shaft 23 passes" and which are detachably secured to the rotor in any suitable manner as by means of screws 26.

The core 2| of said rotor, isperipherally cut away, equidistantly, to provide spaces 21 having inward extensions 28. Operable in said spaces 21 and 28 are swinging vanes orpistons 29 having extensions 30, movable in the extensions 28.

'Said pistons 29 are pivotally mounted by means of bolts or other fastenings as at 32 connected to the side disks 25 of the rotor.

Rods 33 pass through the extensions of the swinging pistons 29, and they also pass through 30 arcuate slots 34 provided in the side-disks 25. Said rods 33 extend beyond the outer sides of disks 25 arid have. mounted on their terminals ball bearing rollers 35, rollers 35 traveling in. endless cam grooves 36 provided in the inner 35 surfaces of the side walls or plates ll of the stator, and disposed about the shaft '23. The shape of V the cams 331s such as to impart the necessary movement, through the rol1ers .35 and rods 33, to the pistons or vanes 29 to move 40 them inwardly towards the axis of shaft 23 for intake of the combustible mixture, from any suitable source, through an intake opening 3! in the cylinder I I, and then compress it for flr ing in the combustion chamber lii, and thereafter, cause exhaust or expulsion of the spent gases through an exhaust. port 38 in the cylinder II, to any "desired location. More specifically, as the pistons pass intake 31 they are moving inwardly so that the fuel mixture is sucked in, following which the piston moves outwardly to compress such charge before the piston moves opposite the combustion chamber i9. When the piston in question is opposite such combustion chamber, the compressed fuel is fired and ex- Various gaskets or equivalent devices are employed to avoid loss of compression. These gaskets are shown on the bearing surfaces of the pistons 29 as indicated at 39, in the free end of, and at 390. on the side of, said pistons. Circumferentially of the disks 25 as at 80, also transversely of said core 2| at M and transversely of thegcylinder I i as at 412, are shown other gaskets. It will be-noted that the devices M are located peripherally of the core 2i and that the devices 52 are located in the'inner annular surface of cylinder ii.

The firing of the spark plug 18 is suitably timed and under control of the-shaft 23. The circuit through such spark plug i8 is made through the making and breaking of contacts 46 and 45, the former being pivoted as at 56 to one of the side plates l4, and spring pressed as at 41 toward closed engagement with the contact R5. Contact 45 on the other hand is fixed to the same plate it. The necessary conductors in the circuit to the contacts '44 and 45 are shown at 48 and 49, leading from terminals 50 and 51, secured to a housing 52 screwed or otherwise fastened as at 53 to the last mentioned side plate id. Such electrical parts are insulated where necessary and in a high tension circuit. Contact 44 has a. roller 54 thereon engageable by cam surfaces or projections 55 of a collar 56, fastened as at 51 to the shaft 23. The projections 55 are symmetrical for even firing, the high portions thereof disengaging the contacts 44 and 45 and the lower portion permitting engagement thereof for, closing the ignition circuitthrough the spark plug I8.

Lubricant is supplied to the reservoir or case I! through an inclined filling tube 59 normally closed by a screw plug 60. The depth of the lubricant within the reservoir l2 may be observed through the removal of a gage rod 6| slidably engaged in a tubular extension 62 on the stator. The lubricant is supplied under pressure to the various working parts of the engine to which end, an impeller pump 10 is located within the reservoir l2, being carried by a vertical shaft H mounted frombelow by a suitable supporting and stuffing box structure 12, detachably screwthreaded to the bottom of the reservoir. Shaft ll extends through and above the extension I3.

and is in sections detachably coupled together as by a sleeve 73 and screws M, the upper section extending through a housing 15, detachably screwed at 16 to one of the side plates l4. Shaft H is driven by a bevel gear 17 thereon enmeshed with a bevel gear 78 keyedto the drive shaft 23. Impeller pump Ill forces lubricant into the enlarged end I9 of a conduit 80 extending exteriorly of the reservoir and with which communicates a distributing pipe BI and branches 82, conveying the lubricant to any desired parts of the engine, the lubricant within the engine, returning to the reservoir through a drain pipe 83 in the bottom of the cylinder II and which has an enlarged entrance 8 E. Reservoir I2 may be drained upon removing a, screw plug 85 in the basethereof.

The engine is preferably water-cooled and to this end, a suitable water pump structure is provided at 85', bolted as by means of several of the bolts IE, to the engine. peller 86 and sectional shaft 8! 'whose sections are connected by a sleeve 88 and screws 89. The shaft extends through the housing 15 and within the same has a bevel pinion 90 thereon enmeshed with the bevel gear Hl, so as to be driven from the drive shaft 23. Such pump 85' is in circuitous communication with a radiator, (not shown), with'communicating water passages 9| in the side plates I l, and with passages 92 in the cylinder H, see Figures 1 and 11.

Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. v

What is claimed is:

A device of the class described having a substantially round cylinder comprising a ring and closure plates overlapping the edges of the ring and secured against opposite sides thereof, said ring having an enlargement providing a firing chamber, firing means associated with said chamher, a rotor, disks fastened on opposite sides of the rotor, said rotor and disks'being of the same diameter as the interior of the ring and being collectively of the same width as the ring, a drive shaft carrying said rotor, pistons 'on said rotor having arcuate walls on the same arc as the rotor and adapted, when in their outermost position, to register with the periphery of the rotor, said rotor having spaces in which said pistons are mounted, means pivotally connecting each of said pistons to said disks, said pistons each hav ing inward extensions at one end; a rod passing through each of said extensionsbetween its pivot and the axis of the rotor, said closure plates having cam grooves into which the ends of the rods extend to move the pistons to eifect intake, compression, firing and expansion of fuel and to effect exhaust, said ring having intake and exhaust ports to coact with thepistons and spaces, and said disks having arcuate slots therethrough through which said rods pass.

' EARL E. HAMMERS.

Such pump has an im- 

